User software works at the logical level (file system). Labs work at the physical level (direct ATA/SCSI commands). If the BIOS or Disk Management does not detect the drive with its correct capacity, no commercial software can help; professional hardware intervention is required.
Many users try to recover data with programs like Recuva or EaseUS when a disk stops appearing in the file explorer. These tools are useful in cases of accidental deletion or logical formatting, but they fail completely in the face of physical problems such as damaged electronics, stuck heads, or scratched platters. In a specialized lab, engineers use clean rooms to open units without contaminating them, replace compatible electronic components, and use advanced techniques like sector-by-sector imaging with direct hardware control. Only this way can information be extracted from disks that the operating system considers “dead.” Choosing between software and a professional lab can make the difference between recovering everything or losing it permanently.
